Grammar
Session 2, Nov 13.2012
Mr Roheli
Present Perfect
Main format:
+ à Subject + Has/have + Past participle(verb 3)
- à Subject + has/have+ not + Past participle (verb 3)
? à Has/have + subject + Past participle (verb 3)
Example:
Have/Has
|
Subject
|
Have/Has
|
Not
|
Past participle
|
Object
| |
+
|
I,You,They,We
|
Have
|
eaten
|
a sandwich
| ||
It,He,She
|
Has
|
eaten
|
a sandwich
| |||
-
|
I,You,They,We
|
have
|
not
|
eaten
|
a sandwich
| |
It,He,She
|
has
|
not
|
eaten
|
a sandwich
| ||
?
|
Have
|
I,You,They,We
|
eaten
|
a sandwich
| ||
Has
|
It,He,She
|
eaten
|
a sandwich
|
Present Perfect - Diagram
We use the Present Perfect for actions in the past which have a connection to the present. The time when these actions happened is not important.
We use the Present Perfect for recently completed actions.
We use the Present Perfect for actions beginning in the past and still continuing.
Useful
No
|
It is used for expresses
|
Example
|
Signal Word
|
1
|
For actions in the past which have a connection to the present. The time when these actions happened is not important.
|
I have never seen him
|
just, yet, never, already, ever, so far, up to now, recently, since, for
|
2
|
the Present Perfect for recently completed actions
|
Selly has met many people since she came here in July.
|
so far, up to now, recently, since, for
|
3
|
actions beginning in the past and still continuing
|
Mr. bono has been here since eight o’clock.
We have stood here, for 2 hours.
|
since, for
|
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